This dental procedure is carried out when the innermost part of the tooth ‘the pulp’ becomes badly decayed or infected. If left untreated, the tooth will begin to die which could lead to the loss of the tooth.  To save the tooth, the infected pulp needs to be removed to prevent the formation of an abscess. In dental terms this procedure is called ‘Endodontics’

The tooth is made up of

• Enamel – The hard outer layer of the tooth.
• Dentine – This forms the core and gives the basic shape to the tooth which supports the enamel, it is softer than enamel but harder than bone.
• Pulp – Is the central part of the tooth which contains nerves and blood vessels and lies within the root canal

The reason the pulp would die

• Caries – If caries ‘decay’ is left it will travel through the enamel and dentin down into the pulp chamber. 
• Trauma – A severe knock that affects the pulp. 
• Severe Gum Disease – The gum detaches itself from the tooth creating a gap between the tooth and the gum, bacteria then gets trapped causing an infection which can infect the pulp. 

The symptoms

• Pain – This can be anything form a constant dull ache to severe pain or pain only when biting
• A spot sometimes appears on the gum in the area of the infected tooth, this is where the collection of puss from the root tip is draining which will leave a bad taste in your mouth.
• Swelling in the gum area surrounding your tooth